JOSHUA BEN ELIJAH HA-LEVI
- JOSHUA BEN ELIJAH HA-LEVI
- JOSHUA BEN ELIJAH HA-LEVI, collector and final editor of
Judah Halevi's divan (Oxford, Bodl. Ms. No. 1971). Joshua
lived, at the latest, in the 15th century, and was probably
of Yemenite origin. From his Arabic preface to the Oxford
divan (Ms. No. 1971 formerly in the possession of S.D.
Luzzatto) it is learned, among other things, that three scholars, Ḥiyya
al-Dayyan, David b. Maimun, and Ibn al-Kash, had preceded Joshua in
collecting Judah Halevi's poems. Joshua states that he has employed for
his divan all the previous collections, and in particular the
first one, by the Maghrebi Ḥiyya, introducing the "improvements" of the
two other compilations; as is usual in similar Arabic collections, he
follows the alphabetical order of the rhymes, dividing the materials
into three parts (monorhymed compositions, strophic poems and letters,
and rhymed prose), with an Arabic introduction. Moreover, Joshua
mentions his collection of Abraham Ibn Ezra's poems, which is the
divan of Ibn Ezra now available in an edition by Egers (see
bibl., Ms. Berlin, 1233). The name of the earlier collector of Ibn
Ezra's divan is not known because the part of the Arabic
preface in which Joshua must have mentioned him is missing. It is not
excluded that Joshua may be identical with the author of an Arabic
grammatical work of which only a small fragment has been preserved (A.
Harkavy, Zikkaron la-Rishonim ve-gam la-Aḥaronim, 1 (1879),
114).
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
S.D. Luzzatto (ed.), Judah Halevi, Betulat Bat Yehudah
(1840), 15f.; A. Geiger, Divan des Castiliers… (1851), 167–75
(Ar. and Ger. translation); J. Egers, Diwan des Abraham Ibn
Ezra (1836), 15–20 (Ar. and with Ger. translation); J.H.
Schirmann, in: YMḤSI, 2 (1936), 125. ADD.
BIBLIOGRAPHY: C.B. Starkova, in: XXV
Intern. Cong. of Orient. (1960), 1–13; J. Yahalom and I. Benabu,
in: Tarbiz, 54 (1985), 246–7; J. Yahalom, in:
Pe'amim, 46–47 (1991), 55–74; idem, in: MEAH,
44:2 (1995), 23–45; E. Fleischer, in: Asufot, 5 (1991),
103–81; Schirmann-Fleischer, The History of Hebrew Poetry in
Muslim Spain (1995), 81–90 (Heb.).
(Jefim (Hayyim) Schirmann /
Angel Sáenz-Badillos (2nd ed.)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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